Ultra-High-DensityFlexibleElectrocorticography(ECoG)Arrays

Ultra-high-density flexible ECoG arrays are thin, pliable sheets of electrodes placed directly on the surface of the brain's cortex, offering high spatial resolution for recording neural activity. Unlike traditional rigid arrays, their flexibility allows them to conform to the brain's contours, minimizing tissue damage and improving signal quality. Key developers include academic groups at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) and Stanford University, as well as companies like CorTec GmbH. This technology is in advanced research and early clinical trials, primarily for seizure mapping in epilepsy patients and advanced BCI applications. In November 2023, UCSF researchers published in *Nature Neuroscience* demonstrating real-time decoding of speech from high-density ECoG signals with unprecedented accuracy, enabling naturalistic communication for paralyzed individuals. These flexible arrays offer significantly higher spatial resolution and better long-term stability than traditional rigid ECoG grids, and are less invasive than intracortical microelectrodes.